What is the difference between 'attribute data' and 'spatial data'?

The distinction between attribute data and spatial data is fundamental to understanding geographic information systems (GIS). Attribute data refers to the characteristics or properties of spatial features. It provides context and additional information about these features, such as names, population numbers, temperature readings, or land use classifications. This type of data does not convey any information about where these features are located in a geographic sense.

On the other hand, spatial data specifically relates to the geographic location and shape of features. It is what defines the position of data points, lines, and polygons on a map. Spatial data can include coordinates, geographic boundaries, and other geometrical representations that help define how features relate to one another in space.

Understanding this distinction is crucial for effectively utilizing GIS, as it allows for more profound analysis and decision-making based on both the characteristics of the data (attribute) and its geographic context (spatial).